Harvard psychology expert shares the No. 1 thing she sees holding people back from success

If you’ve come face-to-face with a lion, your first instinct might be to run. But in our daily lives, retreating is more subtle.

You might attempt to retreat from anxiety by having a glass of wine to tune out, calling out of work sick when a major project or presentation is due, or passing up a job opportunity that involves public speaking.

What to do instead: Many times we rationalize our retreating behavior. We might say, “I’m not afraid of heights, I just don’t like roller coasters,” or, “No one will notice whether I attend.”

To shift your thinking, identify one thought or fear, then ask yourself, “What data do I have to back this up?” or, “What would my best friend say in this situation?” The empirical evidence you come up with can help pull you out of that harmful mindset.

This could be sending a flurry of text messages to get the last word in, getting a tenth opinion until you get one that aligns with your point of view, or yelling to get your point across.

What to do instead: The first step is to pause, then approach your discomfort rather than try to eliminate it.

If you receive a concerning prognosis from your doctor, for example, and you have a habit of spending hours searching for alternative explanations on the internet, try spending a minute or two sitting with your discomfort.

Take a few deep breaths and try to name the sensations in your body. The problem might still be there, but you will have a clearer head to deal with it.

Remaining is a “deer in the headlights” type of avoidance. It’s the inclination to stay put in uncomfortable situations, like an unhealthy relationship or a job that is mentally and physically draining.

We tell ourselves that the current situation isn’t “that bad” or that “it will all work out.” Typically, we remain when we are avoiding the uncertainty of change.

What to do instead: Identify what truly matters to you and take one small step every day to move in that direction.

If you value family,…